Lucie Pinasseau

THESIS

Development and use of passive sampling for mass spectrometric analysis of emerging organic pollutants in aquatic subsurface systems.

Over the last decade, a wide range of contaminants such as pesticides and pharmaceuticals have been detected in various groundwater sources. Therefore, monitoring the quality of groundwater has become a necessity in many parts of the world. Nevertheless, the measurement of organic contaminants in groundwater is challenging as they occur at low (ng L-1 to pg L-1) and variable concentrations. Passive samplers such as Empore™ disk (ED)-based passive samplers are a promising tool as they can yield time-weighted average concentrations over their deployment period and the degree of analyte pre-concentration allows for an increase overall analytical sensitivity of the procedure. However, a deployment in groundwater is not easy as the internal diameter of the well bore-holes is often smaller than passive sampler devices. The main aim of this thesis is to developed a novel type of ED-based sampler specially designed to be used in standard sized groundwater wells, and to study the applicability of passive sampling for both qualitative and (semi-)quantitative purposes for polar and semi-polar pesticides and pharmaceuticals. As a result, a simple, low cost and robust novel ED-based sampler was designed. Laboratory (conditionment and elution steps of extraction disks, overall analytical method development and optimization, uptake kinetic study) and field (deployment in groundwater during three field campaigns) experiments were undertaken and the results showed that the device is an efficient tool for both qualitative and (semi-)quantitative purposes. Our device can be easily inserted into standard sized groundwater wells, allows an accurate assessment of groundwater contamination by enabling the detection of contaminants usually found at very low concentrations, and provides new (semi-)quantitative data on recent and understudied contaminants. The usefulness of our ED-based sampler has been higlighted in a second part of this research work focusing on the impact of stormwater runoff infiltration practices on groundwater contamination by polar and semi-polar pesticides and pharmaceuticals in urban area.

Passive sampler, calibration, groundwater, pesticides/pharmaceuticals, LC-MS/MS, LC-HRMS, qualification/screening, urban stormwater runoff infiltration practices

Emmanuelle Vulliet, DR CNRS, Université Lyon 1

ED 206 - Chemistry, Processes, Environment

CNRS - UMR 5280 - Institut des Sciences Analytiques

14 October 2020

French

Barceló Damiá, Pr., CSIC Barcelone
Budzinski Hélène, DR CNRS, Université de Bordeaux
Doumenq Pierre, Pr., Université Aix-Marseille
Marmonier Pierre, Pr., Université Lyon 1
Togola Anne, Ingénieure, BRGM Orléans
Vulliet Emmanuelle, DR CNRS, Université Lyon 1
Wiest Laure, IR CNRS, Université Lyon 1